Vitamin A exists in various forms, including retinol (found in animal products) and beta-carotene (found in plants). Vitamin A plays crucial roles in vision (especially night vision), immune function, skin health, and reproduction. Vitamin A acetate is a form used in supplements and fortified foods.
This combination typically refers to Vitamin A (as described above) and Vitamin D3. Vitamin D3 is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight or obtained from certain foods. It is essential for calcium absorption, bone health, immune function, and modulation of cell growth.
Vitamin B1, also known as Thiamine, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a key role in energy metabolism. It helps convert carbohydrates into glucose, which the body uses for energy production. Thiamine also supports nerve function and is essential for the proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and nervous system.
Also known as ascorbic acid, Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin and powerful antioxidant. It is essential for the synthesis of collagen (a protein crucial for skin, cartilage, tendons, and blood vessels), wound healing, immune function, and the absorption of iron from plant-based foods.
Cobalamin, commonly known as Vitamin B12, is a water-soluble vitamin that is crucial for nerve function, DNA synthesis, and red blood cell formation. It also plays a role in energy metabolism and the maintenance of healthy neurological function.
Niacin is essential for energy metabolism and is involved in the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. It also plays a role in DNA repair and cell signaling. Niacin can be obtained from food sources or synthesized from tryptophan (an amino acid).
Riboflavin, or Vitamin B2, is a water-soluble vitamin that helps convert carbohydrates into energy. It also acts as an antioxidant and is important for maintaining healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system. The "80%" likely refers to the potency or concentration of Riboflavin in a supplement.
This is another form of Vitamin B3, also known as nicotinamide. Like niacin, niacinamide is important for energy metabolism and plays a role in DNA repair. It is often used in skincare products for its anti-inflammatory properties.
Nicotinic acid is another form of Vitamin B3 that is used to lower cholesterol levels and has been studied for its potential cardiovascular benefits. It also plays a role in energy metabolism and can cause a "flushing" sensation in high doses.
Cholecalciferol, or Vitamin D3, is synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight (UVB radiation) or obtained from certain foods such as fatty fish and fortified dairy products. Vitamin D3 is crucial for calcium absorption and bone health. It also supports immune function and plays a role in cell growth and differentiation.
This is a form of Vitamin B5, also known as pantothenic acid. It is essential for energy metabolism, as it is a component of coenzyme A, which plays a central role in energy production from fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Vitamin B5 is also important for synthesizing hormones and cholesterol.
Vitamin E refers to a group of fat-soluble antioxidants, with alpha-tocopherol being the most active form in the human body. Vitamin E protects cells from oxidative stress and supports immune function. It also plays a role in skin health and may have anti-inflammatory properties.
Biotin, or Vitamin B7, is a water-soluble vitamin that is important for metabolism, specifically for the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins into energy. Biotin is also known for its role in maintaining healthy hair, skin, and nails.
Menadione, or Vitamin K3, is a synthetic form of Vitamin K. Vitamin K is crucial for blood clotting, as it is involved in the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver. It also plays a role in bone health and may have potential antioxidant properties.
Folic acid, or Vitamin B9, is a water-soluble vitamin that is important for DNA synthesis and cell growth. It is especially crucial during periods of rapid cell division and growth, such as pregnancy and infancy. Adequate folate intake is essential for preventing neural tube defects in developing fetuses.